Theory and applications of hopf bifurcation

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The `Hopf Bifurcation' describes a phenomenon that occurs widely in nature: the birth of a family of oscillations as a controlling parameter is varied. In a control system consisting of an engine with a centrifugal governor, for example, when the amount of damping associated with the governor is decreased, oscillations can arise, which may significantly disturb normal operation of the engine. Similar oscillations occur in a vast range of situations: animal populations sometimes begin to fluctuate as environmental conditions change, aircraft wing panels begin to flutter in a wind-tunnel as the flow velocity is increased, and nerve tissue initiates production of repeated action potentials as a current stimulus is increased, etc. The phenomena can be described by modelling in terms of systems of ordinary, delay or partial differential equations.